Aphthous ulcers have been extensively studied and researched throughout the English literature.

Its various types and mimicking lesions have been very well reviewed.

However, ulcers of neonates also called as Bednar's aphthae have not been well studied and documented.

It was initially mentioned in the pediatric literature in the 1900s and was thought to be rare.

Recent studies suggest that it is not as uncommon as is supposed to be but is frequently undiagnosed.

The purpose of this review is to bring this common, yet uncommonly reported anomaly to the readers, especially oral physicians and pediatricians so as to have an insight into this neonatal pathosis for the effective diagnosis and management.